feat&fix: Kernel improvements and fixes, introduced `special` trees.

fix: Protective measures against affinity `zero` processes.
wip: WIP introduce `CFDictionary` object inside CF.
fix: public tooling fixes.

Signed-off-by: Amlal El Mahrouss <amlal@nekernel.org>

15 files changed, 91 insertions, 8 deletions

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 781e9544..1058abb8 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -14,9 +14,6 @@ xcuserdata/
 */xcuserdata/*
 *.xcworkspacedata
 
-public/tools/*/dist/*
-public/frameworks/*/dist/*
-
 *.pdf
 *.aux
 
diff --git a/dev/kernel/KernelKit/CoreProcessScheduler.h b/dev/kernel/KernelKit/CoreProcessScheduler.h
index 56c2bce0..9ed2dada 100644
--- a/dev/kernel/KernelKit/CoreProcessScheduler.h
+++ b/dev/kernel/KernelKit/CoreProcessScheduler.h
@@ -104,6 +104,40 @@ struct PROCESS_FILE_TREE {
   };
 };
 
+using ProcessCtx = UInt32;
+
+template <typename T>
+struct PROCESS_SPECIAL_TREE {
+  static constexpr auto kHeap    = false;
+  static constexpr auto kFile    = false;
+  static constexpr auto kSpecial = true;
+
+  T     Entry{nullptr};
+  SizeT EntrySize{0UL};
+  SizeT EntryPad{0UL};
+
+  /// @brief a context is where the resource comes from.
+  ProcessCtx EntryContext{0UL};  // could be a socket, printer, device...
+
+  UInt32 Color{kBlackTreeKind};
+
+  struct PROCESS_SPECIAL_TREE<T>* Parent {
+    nullptr
+  };
+
+  struct PROCESS_SPECIAL_TREE<T>* Child {
+    nullptr
+  };
+
+  struct PROCESS_SPECIAL_TREE<T>* Prev {
+    nullptr
+  };
+
+  struct PROCESS_SPECIAL_TREE<T>* Next {
+    nullptr
+  };
+};
+
 /***********************************************************************************/
 /// @brief Subsystem enum type.
 /***********************************************************************************/
@@ -113,8 +147,8 @@ enum class ProcessSubsystem : Int32 {
   kProcessSubsystemUser,
   kProcessSubsystemService,
   kProcessSubsystemDriver,
+  kProcessSubsystemCount   = kProcessSubsystemDriver - kProcessSubsystemSecurity + 1,
   kProcessSubsystemInvalid = 0xFFFFFFF,
-  kProcessSubsystemCount   = 4,
 };
 
 /***********************************************************************************/
@@ -127,13 +161,14 @@ enum class ProcessStatusKind : Int32 {
   kKilled,
   kFrozen,
   kFinished,
-  kCount = 6,
+  kCount = kFinished - kStarting + 1,
 };
 
 /***********************************************************************************/
 //! @brief Affinity is the amount of nano-seconds this process is going to run.
 /***********************************************************************************/
 enum class AffinityKind : Int32 {
+  kInvalid      = 0,
   kRealTime     = 100,
   kVeryHigh     = 150,
   kHigh         = 200,
diff --git a/dev/kernel/KernelKit/ZXD.h b/dev/kernel/KernelKit/ZXD.h
index f1c99a21..966c54c7 100644
--- a/dev/kernel/KernelKit/ZXD.h
+++ b/dev/kernel/KernelKit/ZXD.h
@@ -15,6 +15,12 @@ namespace Kernel {
 struct ZXD_EXEC_HEADER;
 struct ZXD_STUB_HEADER;
 
+enum ZXD_FLAGS {
+  kZXDFlagsInvalid,
+  kZXDFlagsDriver,
+  kZXDFlagsCount,
+};
+
 /// @brief ZXD executable header
 /// @details This header is used to identify ZXD executable files.
 struct PACKED ZXD_EXEC_HEADER {
@@ -41,4 +47,7 @@ struct PACKED ZXD_STUB_HEADER {
   UInt32 fStubOffset;
   UInt32 fStubCRC32;
 };
+
+using ZXD_EXEC_HEADER_PTR = ZXD_EXEC_HEADER*;
+using ZXD_STUB_HEADER_PTR = ZXD_STUB_HEADER*;
 }  // namespace Kernel
diff --git a/dev/kernel/src/FS/HeFS+FileSystemParser.cc b/dev/kernel/src/FS/HeFS+FileSystemParser.cc
index f1531b4c..86f929c0 100644
--- a/dev/kernel/src/FS/HeFS+FileSystemParser.cc
+++ b/dev/kernel/src/FS/HeFS+FileSystemParser.cc
@@ -88,7 +88,8 @@ namespace Detail {
   /// @brief Simple algorithm to hash directory entries for INDs.
   /// @param path the directory path.
   /// @return The hashed path.
-  STATIC UInt64 hefsi_hash_64(const Utf8Char* path) {
+  template <typename CharT = Utf8Char>
+  STATIC UInt64 hefsi_hash_64(const CharT* path) {
     if (!path || *path == 0) return 0;
 
     const UInt64 kFnvBaseOffset  = 0xcbf29ce484222325ULL;
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@ namespace Detail {
     UInt64 hash = kFnvBaseOffset;
 
     while (*path) {
-      hash ^= (Utf8Char) (*path++);
+      hash ^= (CharT) (*path++);
       hash *= kFnvPrimeNumber;
     }
 
diff --git a/dev/kernel/src/UserProcessScheduler.cc b/dev/kernel/src/UserProcessScheduler.cc
index 15da4431..174862a4 100644
--- a/dev/kernel/src/UserProcessScheduler.cc
+++ b/dev/kernel/src/UserProcessScheduler.cc
@@ -587,6 +587,7 @@ ErrorOr<ProcessID> UserProcessHelper::TheCurrentPID() {
 /// @retval false cannot be schedulded.
 Bool UserProcessHelper::CanBeScheduled(const USER_PROCESS& process) {
   if (process.Status != ProcessStatusKind::kRunning) return No;
+  if (process.Affinity == AffinityKind::kInvalid) return No;
   if (process.StackSize > kSchedMaxStackSz) return No;
   if (!process.Name[0]) return No;
 
diff --git a/public/frameworks/CoreFoundation.fwrk/headers/Array.h b/public/frameworks/CoreFoundation.fwrk/headers/Array.h
index d9c528d9..81f5f064 100644
--- a/public/frameworks/CoreFoundation.fwrk/headers/Array.h
+++ b/public/frameworks/CoreFoundation.fwrk/headers/Array.h
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class CFArray final {
 };
 
 template <typename ValueType>
-auto make_array(ValueType val) {
+inline auto make_array(ValueType val) {
   return CFArray<ValueType, ARRAY_SIZE(val)>{val};
 }
 }  // namespace CF
diff --git a/public/frameworks/CoreFoundation.fwrk/headers/Dictionary.h b/public/frameworks/CoreFoundation.fwrk/headers/Dictionary.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..87496c73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/public/frameworks/CoreFoundation.fwrk/headers/Dictionary.h
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/* -------------------------------------------
+
+  Copyright (C) 2024-2025, Amlal El Mahrouss, all rights reserved.
+
+------------------------------------------- */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <libSystem/SystemKit/System.h>
+
+namespace CF {
+template <typename Key, typename Value>
+class CFDictionary final {
+ public:
+  explicit CFDictionary() = default;
+  ~CFDictionary()         = default;
+
+  CFDictionary& operator=(const CFDictionary&) = default;
+  CFDictionary(const CFDictionary&)            = default;
+
+  Value& operator[](Key& at) {
+    MUST_PASS(this->Find(at));
+    return fArray[at];
+  }
+
+  Bool Empty() { return this->fCount > 0; }
+
+  Bool Find(Key& key) { return No; }
+
+  operator bool() { return !this->Empty(); }
+
+ private:
+  SizeT fCount{0UL};
+};
+
+template <typename KeyType, typename ValueType>
+inline auto make_dict() {
+  return CFDictionary<KeyType, ValueType>{};
+}
+}  // namespace CF
diff --git a/public/tools/diutil/dist/.touch b/public/tools/diutil/dist/.touch
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e69de29b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/public/tools/diutil/dist/.touch
diff --git a/public/tools/ld.dyn/dist/.touch b/public/tools/ld.dyn/dist/.touch
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e69de29b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/public/tools/ld.dyn/dist/.touch
diff --git a/public/tools/ld.fwrk/dist/.touch b/public/tools/ld.fwrk/dist/.touch
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e69de29b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/public/tools/ld.fwrk/dist/.touch
diff --git a/public/tools/mgmt.oe/dist/.keep b/public/tools/mgmt.oe/dist/.keep
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e69de29b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/public/tools/mgmt.oe/dist/.keep
diff --git a/public/tools/mk.fwrk/dist/.touch b/public/tools/mk.fwrk/dist/.touch
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e69de29b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/public/tools/mk.fwrk/dist/.touch
diff --git a/public/tools/mk.hefs/dist/.touch b/public/tools/mk.hefs/dist/.touch
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e69de29b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/public/tools/mk.hefs/dist/.touch
diff --git a/public/tools/mk.nefs/dist/.touch b/public/tools/mk.nefs/dist/.touch
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e69de29b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/public/tools/mk.nefs/dist/.touch
diff --git a/public/tools/ping/dist/.touch b/public/tools/ping/dist/.touch
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e69de29b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/public/tools/ping/dist/.touch