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\title{MBCI: Mini Bus Controller Interface Specification}
\author{Amlal El Mahrouss}
\date{\today}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\section{Overview}
The Mini Bus Controller Interface (MBCI) is a standardized memory-mapped I/O bus specification designed for use in embedded systems and operating system kernels. It provides an extensible framework for managing hardware devices via a shared bus using memory-mapped registers. It is designed to remain abstract and platform-agnostic, leaving platform-specific interrupt and address logic to the HAL.

\section{Signal Lines}
The MBCI bus interface includes the following signal lines:

\begin{itemize}
  \item \textbf{VCC} (IN) – Power supply (OUT for MCU)
  \item \textbf{CLK} (IN) – Clock line (OUT for MCU)
  \item \textbf{ACK} (BI) – Acknowledge line containing packet frame
  \item \textbf{D0-, D1-} (IN) – Host interface packet input
  \item \textbf{D0+, D1+} (OUT) – Host interface packet output
  \item \textbf{GND} (IN) – Ground line (OUT for MCU)
\end{itemize}

\section{Host Structure}

\subsection*{IMBCIHost Structure}

\begin{lstlisting}[language=C++,basicstyle=\ttfamily\footnotesize]
volatile struct IMBCIHost {
  UInt32 Magic;
  UInt32 HostId;
  UInt16 VendorId;
  UInt16 DeviceId;
  UInt8  MemoryType;
  UInt16 HostType;
  UInt16 HostFlags;
  UInt8  Error;
  UInt32 MMIOTest;
  UInt16 State;
  UInt8  Status;
  UInt8  InterruptEnable;
  UInt64 BaseAddressRegister;
  UInt64 BaseAddressRegisterSize;
  UInt32 CommandIssue;
  UInt8  Esb[64];  // Extended Signature Block
  UInt8  Zero[8];
};
\end{lstlisting}

\section{Enumerations}

\subsection*{Device Speeds}
\begin{itemize}
  \item \texttt{kMBCISpeedDeviceInvalid}
  \item \texttt{kMBCILowSpeedDevice}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHighSpeedDevice}
\end{itemize}

\subsection*{Host Flags}
\begin{itemize}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostFlagsSupportsNothing}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostFlagsSupportsAPM}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostFlagsSupportsDaisyChain}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostFlagsSupportsHWInterrupts}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostFlagsSupportsDMA}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostFlagsExtended}
\end{itemize}

\subsection*{Host Types}
\begin{itemize}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostKindHardDisk}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostKindOpticalDisk}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostKindKeyboardLow}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostKindMouseLow}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostKindMouseHigh}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostKindKeyboardHigh}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostKindNetworkInterface}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostKindDaisyChain}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostKindStartExtended}
\end{itemize}

\subsection*{Host State}
\begin{itemize}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostStateInvalid}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostStateReset}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostStateSuccess}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostStateReady}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostStateDmaStart}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostStateDmaEnd}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostStateFail}
  \item \texttt{kMBCIHostStateCount}
\end{itemize}

\section{Functions}

\subsection*{MMIO Test}
Tests if MMIO is accessible by writing and checking a challenge value. Times out if the bus does not respond.

\begin{lstlisting}[language=C++,basicstyle=\ttfamily\footnotesize]
inline BOOL busi_test_mmio(struct IMBCIHost* host, const UInt32 test);
\end{lstlisting}

\subsection*{Auth Key Reader}
Reads the 24-bit auth key encoded in the last three bytes of the Extended Signature Block after verifying MMIO test success:

\begin{lstlisting}[language=C++,basicstyle=\ttfamily\footnotesize]
inline MBCIAuthKeyType mbci_read_auth_key(struct IMBCIHost* host);
\end{lstlisting}

\end{document}