summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffhomepage
path: root/dev
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
authorAmlal El Mahrouss <amlal@nekernel.org>2025-07-26 01:47:32 +0100
committerAmlal El Mahrouss <amlal@nekernel.org>2025-07-26 01:47:32 +0100
commitc52dbf5513ae7f106634967162da5cfb01dc5af3 (patch)
treeb6715d0fdacebd48491b9b05cf85f1d92028f84b /dev
parent01565adb9cf5ef991196f56c7f5f7b6161daa005 (diff)
feat: SOCL v1.0.2, changelog soon!v1.0.2
Signed-off-by: Amlal El Mahrouss <amlal@nekernel.org>
Diffstat (limited to 'dev')
-rw-r--r--dev/examples/cgi/CMakeLists.txt12
-rw-r--r--dev/examples/cgi/cgi.cc91
-rw-r--r--dev/examples/equiv/CMakeLists.txt12
-rw-r--r--dev/examples/equiv/equiv.cc19
-rw-r--r--dev/examples/fix/CMakeLists.txt12
-rw-r--r--dev/examples/fix/fix.cc26
-rw-r--r--dev/examples/opt/CMakeLists.txt12
-rw-r--r--dev/examples/opt/opt.cc44
-rw-r--r--dev/examples/tracked_ptr/CMakeLists.txt12
-rw-r--r--dev/examples/tracked_ptr/tracked_ptr.cc52
-rw-r--r--dev/lib/detail/error.hpp17
-rw-r--r--dev/lib/fix/network.hpp20
-rw-r--r--dev/lib/fix/parser.hpp198
-rw-r--r--dev/lib/io/print.hpp29
-rw-r--r--dev/lib/logic/equiv.hpp102
-rw-r--r--dev/lib/logic/math.hpp35
-rw-r--r--dev/lib/logic/opt.hpp121
-rw-r--r--dev/lib/memory/tracked_ptr.hpp196
-rw-r--r--dev/lib/utility/cgi.hpp62
-rw-r--r--dev/lib/utility/crc32.hpp74
-rw-r--r--dev/lib/utility/embfs.hpp79
-rw-r--r--dev/tests/.gitkeep0
-rw-r--r--dev/tests/fix_basic/CMakeLists.txt23
-rw-r--r--dev/tests/fix_basic/fix_test.cc18
-rw-r--r--dev/tests/tracked_ptr_basic/CMakeLists.txt23
-rw-r--r--dev/tests/tracked_ptr_basic/tracked_ptr_test.cc25
-rw-r--r--dev/tests/tracked_ptr_leak/CMakeLists.txt23
-rw-r--r--dev/tests/tracked_ptr_leak/tracked_ptr_test.cc19
28 files changed, 1356 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/dev/examples/cgi/CMakeLists.txt b/dev/examples/cgi/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..391899f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/examples/cgi/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15...3.31)
+
+project(
+ CGI
+ VERSION 1.0
+ LANGUAGES CXX)
+
+add_executable(CGI cgi.cc)
+
+set_property(TARGET CGI PROPERTY CXX_STANDARD 20)
+target_include_directories(CGI PUBLIC ../../)
diff --git a/dev/examples/cgi/cgi.cc b/dev/examples/cgi/cgi.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b4c0b34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/examples/cgi/cgi.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*
+ cgi example
+ written by Amlal El Mahrouss.
+ licensed under the MIT license
+ */
+
+#include <lib/utility/cgi.hpp>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string>
+
+const std::string g_not_found = R"(
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+ <meta charset="UTF-8">
+ <title>error | snu-lib</title>
+ <style>
+ body {
+ font-family: monospace;
+ background: white;
+ color: black;
+ margin: 2em;
+ }
+ h1 {
+ font-size: 1.5em;
+ }
+ hr {
+ border: none;
+ border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
+ }
+ table {
+ width: 100%;
+ border-collapse: collapse;
+ }
+ td {
+ padding: 0.2em 0.5em;
+ }
+ td:first-child {
+ white-space: nowrap;
+ }
+ a {
+ color: blue;
+ text-decoration: none;
+ }
+ a:hover {
+ text-decoration: underline;
+ }
+ </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+ <h1>Uh Oh!</h1>
+ <address>No index file was found in this directory.</address>
+ <hr>
+ <table>
+ <tr><th>Name</th></tr>
+ <tr><td colspan="3"><hr></td></tr>
+
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="javascript:window.location.reload();">Refresh</a></td>
+ </tr>
+
+ <tr><td colspan="3"><hr></td></tr>
+ </table>
+ <address>snu's Common Gateway Server.</address>
+</body>
+</html>
+)";
+
+/* finally test it */
+/* @brief this stub loads a 'index.html' or returns an error message if not found. */
+int main(int argc, char** argv)
+{
+ // ... let's assume we serve data.
+
+ snu::cgi::cgi_writer writer;
+ std::stringstream ss_file;
+
+ std::ifstream fp("index.html");
+
+ if (fp.good())
+ ss_file << fp.rdbuf();
+ else
+ ss_file << g_not_found;
+
+ fp.close();
+
+ writer.eval_html(ss_file);
+
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/dev/examples/equiv/CMakeLists.txt b/dev/examples/equiv/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b29e23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/examples/equiv/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15...3.31)
+
+project(
+ Equiv
+ VERSION 1.0
+ LANGUAGES CXX)
+
+add_executable(Equiv equiv.cc)
+
+set_property(TARGET Equiv PROPERTY CXX_STANDARD 20)
+target_include_directories(Equiv PUBLIC ../../)
diff --git a/dev/examples/equiv/equiv.cc b/dev/examples/equiv/equiv.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..896637d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/examples/equiv/equiv.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+ string checksum example
+ written by Amlal El Mahrouss.
+ licensed under the MIT license
+ */
+
+#include <lib/logic/equiv.hpp>
+#include <iostream>
+
+/* finally test it */
+int main(int argc, char** argv)
+{
+ std::cout << std::boolalpha;
+ std::cout << snu::equiv::is_same<bool, int>::value << std::endl;
+ std::cout << snu::equiv::is_same<bool, bool>::value << std::endl;
+ std::cout << snu::equiv::is_same<int, int>::value << std::endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/dev/examples/fix/CMakeLists.txt b/dev/examples/fix/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db8921b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/examples/fix/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15...3.31)
+
+project(
+ Fix
+ VERSION 1.0
+ LANGUAGES CXX)
+
+add_executable(Fix fix.cc)
+
+set_property(TARGET Fix PROPERTY CXX_STANDARD 20)
+target_include_directories(Fix PUBLIC ../../)
diff --git a/dev/examples/fix/fix.cc b/dev/examples/fix/fix.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f67d8a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/examples/fix/fix.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+ fix example
+ written by Amlal El Mahrouss.
+ licensed under the MIT license
+ */
+
+#include <lib/fix/parser.hpp>
+#include <iostream>
+
+/* finally test it */
+int main(int argc, char** argv)
+{
+ snu::fix::visitor<char> visitor;
+ snu::fix::range_data<char> fix = visitor.visit("8=FIX.4.2|9=65|35=A|49=SERVER|56=CLIENT|34=177|52=20090107-18:15:16|98=0|108=30|10=062|");
+
+ std::cout << "magic: " << fix.msg_magic_ << std::endl;
+ std::cout << "is_valid: " << std::boolalpha << fix.is_valid() << std::endl;
+
+ for (auto fields : fix.msg_body_)
+ {
+ std::cout << "key: " << fields.first;
+ std::cout << ", value: " << fields.second << std::endl;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/dev/examples/opt/CMakeLists.txt b/dev/examples/opt/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b63b1de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/examples/opt/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15...3.31)
+
+project(
+ Opt
+ VERSION 1.0
+ LANGUAGES CXX)
+
+add_executable(Opt opt.cc)
+
+set_property(TARGET Opt PROPERTY CXX_STANDARD 20)
+target_include_directories(Opt PUBLIC ../../)
diff --git a/dev/examples/opt/opt.cc b/dev/examples/opt/opt.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a914d8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/examples/opt/opt.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ string checksum example
+ written by Amlal El Mahrouss.
+ licensed under the MIT license
+ */
+
+#include <lib/logic/opt.hpp>
+#include <lib/io/print.hpp>
+#include <string>
+
+static const char do_hash(const std::string& in)
+{
+ int hash = 0;
+
+ for (long index = 0; index < in.size(); ++index)
+ {
+ hash += in[index];
+ }
+
+ return hash;
+}
+
+static auto do_some(const std::string recv_data, const std::string check_data)
+{
+ const int hash_to_check = do_hash(check_data); /* here we assume this should match opt_hash */
+ const int opt_hash = do_hash(recv_data); /* we assume that the hash is correct */
+
+ auto opt = snu::opt::opt(snu::opt::eval_eq(hash_to_check, opt_hash)); /* do the compute */
+ return opt;
+}
+
+/* finally test it */
+int main(int argc, char** argv)
+{
+ // ... let's assume we fetch data from network...
+
+ snu::println("Testing data...");
+
+ auto opt = do_some("Ohio", "Ohio");
+ opt.expect("Checksum failed, Ohio isn't Ohio!");
+
+
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/dev/examples/tracked_ptr/CMakeLists.txt b/dev/examples/tracked_ptr/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9396506
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/examples/tracked_ptr/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15...3.31)
+
+project(
+ Fix
+ VERSION 1.0
+ LANGUAGES CXX)
+
+add_executable(TrackedPtr tracked_ptr.cc)
+
+set_property(TARGET TrackedPtr PROPERTY CXX_STANDARD 20)
+target_include_directories(TrackedPtr PUBLIC ../../)
diff --git a/dev/examples/tracked_ptr/tracked_ptr.cc b/dev/examples/tracked_ptr/tracked_ptr.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c182494
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/examples/tracked_ptr/tracked_ptr.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ tracked_ptr example
+ written by Amlal El Mahrouss.
+ licensed under the MIT license
+ */
+
+#include <lib/memory/tracked_ptr.hpp>
+#include <iostream>
+
+void summon_tracked_ptr()
+{
+ snu::memory::tracked_ptr<int> ptr = snu::memory::make_tracked(42);
+ std::cout << ptr.data() << "=" << ptr.manager().allocator().allocated_count_ << std::endl;
+}
+
+void summon_leak_tracked_ptr()
+{
+ snu::memory::tracked_ptr<int>* ptr = new snu::memory::tracked_ptr<int>(42);
+ std::cout << ptr->data() << "=" << ptr->manager().allocator().allocated_count_ << std::endl;
+}
+
+/* finally test it */
+int main(int argc, char** argv)
+{
+ summon_tracked_ptr();
+ summon_tracked_ptr();
+ summon_tracked_ptr();
+ summon_tracked_ptr();
+
+ snu::memory::tracked_ptr<int> ptr;
+
+ std::cout << ptr.data() << "=" << ptr.manager().allocator().allocated_count_ << std::endl;
+
+ std::cout << "total=" << ptr.manager().allocator().deallocated_count_ << std::endl;
+
+ std::cout << "leak-detected=" << std::boolalpha << (ptr.manager().allocator().allocated_count_ > ptr.manager().allocator().deallocated_count_) << std::endl;
+
+ summon_leak_tracked_ptr();
+ summon_leak_tracked_ptr();
+ summon_leak_tracked_ptr();
+ summon_leak_tracked_ptr();
+ summon_leak_tracked_ptr();
+ summon_leak_tracked_ptr();
+ summon_leak_tracked_ptr();
+ summon_leak_tracked_ptr();
+
+ std::cout << "total=" << ptr.manager().allocator().deallocated_count_ << std::endl;
+
+ std::cout << "leak-detected=" << std::boolalpha << (ptr.manager().allocator().allocated_count_ > ptr.manager().allocator().deallocated_count_) << std::endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/dev/lib/detail/error.hpp b/dev/lib/detail/error.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..85a5e25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/lib/detail/error.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/*
+ * File: opt.hpp
+ * Author: Amlal El Mahrouss,
+ * Copyright 2023-2025, Amlal El Mahrouss/SNU Systems Corp all rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _SNU_ERR_HPP
+#define _SNU_ERR_HPP
+
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+namespace snu
+{
+ using runtime_error = std::runtime_error;
+}
+
+#endif // _SNU_ERR_HPP \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dev/lib/fix/network.hpp b/dev/lib/fix/network.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ca0920
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/lib/fix/network.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+/*
+* File: fix/netowrk.hpp
+ * Purpose: Financial Information Exchange in C++
+ * Author: Amlal El Mahrouss (founder@snu.systems)
+ * Copyright 2025, Amlal El Mahrouss and SNU Systems Corp all rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _SNU_FIX_NETWORK_HPP
+#define _SNU_FIX_NETWORK_HPP
+
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+
+namespace snu::fix
+{
+ class network_rx;
+ class network_tx;
+} // namespace snu::fix
+
+#endif // ifndef _SNU_FIX_NETWORK_HPP \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dev/lib/fix/parser.hpp b/dev/lib/fix/parser.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e432b6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/lib/fix/parser.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+/*
+ * File: fix/parser.hpp
+ * Purpose: Financial Information Exchange parser in C++
+ * Author: Amlal El Mahrouss (founder@snu.systems)
+ * Copyright 2025, Amlal El Mahrouss and SNU Systems Corp all rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _SNU_FIX_PARSER_HPP
+#define _SNU_FIX_PARSER_HPP
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <utility>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace snu::fix
+{
+ template <typename char_type>
+ struct visitor;
+
+ template <typename char_type>
+ struct range;
+
+ template <typename char_type>
+ struct range_data;
+
+ /// @brief Buffer+Length structure
+ template <typename char_type>
+ using range_ptr_t = range<char_type>;
+
+ namespace detail
+ {
+ template <typename char_type>
+ const char_type* begin_fix();
+
+ template <>
+ inline const char* begin_fix<char>()
+ {
+ return "FIX.";
+ }
+
+ template <>
+ inline const char16_t* begin_fix<char16_t>()
+ {
+ return u"FIX.";
+ }
+
+ template <>
+ inline const char8_t* begin_fix<char8_t>()
+ {
+ return u8"FIX.";
+ }
+ } // namespace detail
+
+ template <typename char_type>
+ struct range final
+ {
+ char_type* bytes_;
+ size_t length_;
+
+ bool is_valid()
+ {
+ return bytes_ && length_ > 0;
+ }
+
+ operator bool()
+ {
+ return this->is_valid();
+ }
+ };
+
+ /// @brief Convert range to usable string.
+ /// @note This function assumes that the range is valid and contains ASCII bytes.
+ template <typename char_type>
+ inline std::basic_string<char_type> to_string(range<char_type>& range) noexcept
+ {
+ if (range.length_ < 0)
+ return std::basic_string<char_type>{};
+
+ return std::basic_string<char_type>(range.ascii_bytes_, range.length_);
+ }
+
+ /// @brief a range object containing the FIX packet values.
+ template <typename char_type>
+ class range_data final
+ {
+ public:
+ std::basic_string<char_type> msg_magic_;
+ std::size_t msg_body_len_;
+ std::vector<std::pair<std::basic_string<char_type>, std::basic_string<char_type>>> msg_body_;
+
+ static inline const char_type* begin = detail::begin_fix<char_type>();
+
+ explicit range_data() = default;
+ ~range_data() = default;
+
+ range_data& operator=(const range_data&) = default;
+ range_data(const range_data&) = default;
+
+ std::basic_string<char_type> operator[](const std::basic_string<char_type>& key)
+ {
+ if (key.empty())
+ {
+ return std::basic_string<char_type>{};
+ }
+
+ for (const auto& pair : msg_body_)
+ {
+ if (pair.first == key)
+ {
+ return pair.second;
+ }
+ }
+ return std::basic_string<char_type>{};
+ }
+
+ bool is_valid()
+ {
+ return msg_magic_.starts_with(range_data<char_type>::begin);
+ }
+
+ operator bool()
+ {
+ return this->is_valid();
+ }
+ };
+
+ /// @brief visitor object which returns a fix::range_data instance.
+ template <typename char_type>
+ class visitor final
+ {
+ public:
+ static constexpr const char_type soh = '|';
+ static constexpr const char_type eq = '=';
+ static constexpr uint32_t base = 10U;
+
+ explicit visitor() = default;
+ ~visitor() = default;
+
+ visitor& operator=(const visitor&) = default;
+ visitor(const visitor&) = default;
+
+ range<char_type> operator()(const std::basic_string<char_type>& in)
+ {
+ return this->visit(in);
+ }
+
+ range_data<char_type> visit(const std::basic_string<char_type>& in)
+ {
+ thread_local range_data<char_type> ret{};
+
+ if (in.empty())
+ return ret;
+
+ thread_local std::basic_string<char_type> in_tmp{};
+
+ in_tmp.reserve(in.size());
+
+ try
+ {
+ for (auto& ch : in)
+ {
+ if (ch != visitor::soh)
+ {
+ in_tmp += ch;
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ std::basic_string<char_type> key = in_tmp.substr(0, in_tmp.find(visitor::eq));
+ std::basic_string<char_type> val = in_tmp.substr(in_tmp.find(visitor::eq) + 1);
+
+ if (ret.msg_magic_.empty())
+ {
+ ret.msg_magic_ = val;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ ret.msg_body_.emplace_back(std::make_pair(key, val));
+ ret.msg_body_len_ += in_tmp.size();
+ }
+
+ in_tmp.clear();
+ }
+ }
+ catch (...)
+ {
+ in_tmp.clear();
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ in_tmp.clear();
+ return ret;
+ }
+ };
+} // namespace snu::fix
+
+#endif // ifndef _SNU_FIX_PARSER_HPP
diff --git a/dev/lib/io/print.hpp b/dev/lib/io/print.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a5b5e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/lib/io/print.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * File: print.hpp
+ * Purpose: SNU Print library
+ * Author: Amlal El Mahrouss. (founder@snu.systems)
+ * Copyright 2025, SNU Systems Corp all rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _SNU_PRINT_HPP
+#define _SNU_PRINT_HPP
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace snu
+{
+ template <typename... T>
+ inline void print(T... fmt)
+ {
+ std::cout << std::move(fmt...);
+ }
+
+ template <typename... T>
+ inline void println(T... fmt)
+ {
+ std::cout << std::move(fmt...);
+ std::cout << std::endl;
+ }
+} // namespace snu
+
+#endif // ifndef _SNU_PRINT_HPP \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dev/lib/logic/equiv.hpp b/dev/lib/logic/equiv.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4bb5904
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/lib/logic/equiv.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/*
+ * File: equiv.hpp
+ * Purpose: Equivalence runtime c++ header.
+ * Author: Amlal El Mahrouss (founder@snu.systems)
+ * Copyright 2025, Amlal El Mahrouss and SNU Systems Corp all rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+namespace snu::equiv
+{
+ template <typename T>
+ struct basic_hash_trait
+ {
+ /// @brief hash from T's result.
+ static typename T::result hash()
+ {
+ static T val;
+ return val.hash();
+ }
+ };
+
+ template <typename T, typename U>
+ struct is_same
+ {
+ static constexpr bool value = false;
+
+ /// @brief check if hash matches what we expect.
+ constexpr bool operator()() noexcept
+ {
+ return T::hash() == U::hash();
+ }
+ };
+
+ template <typename T>
+ struct is_same<T, T>
+ {
+ static constexpr bool value = true;
+ };
+
+ template <typename T, typename U>
+ struct is_not_same
+ {
+ static constexpr bool value = true;
+
+ constexpr bool operator()() noexcept
+ {
+ return T::hash() != U::hash();
+ }
+ };
+
+ template <typename T>
+ struct is_not_same<T, T>
+ {
+ static constexpr bool value = false;
+ };
+
+ template <typename T>
+ struct equiv_is_int8
+ {
+ private:
+ T left_ = 255, right_ = 255;
+
+ public:
+ using result = T;
+
+ constexpr result hash()
+ {
+ return (left_ + right_) < 1;
+ }
+ };
+
+ template <typename T>
+ struct equiv_not_int8
+ {
+ private:
+ T left_ = 255, right_ = 255;
+
+ public:
+ using result = T;
+
+ constexpr result hash()
+ {
+ return (left_ + right_) > 0;
+ }
+ };
+
+ template <typename T>
+ struct equiv_is_real
+ {
+ private:
+ T left_ = 5, right_ = 3;
+
+ public:
+ using result = T;
+
+ constexpr result hash()
+ {
+ return left_ / right_;
+ }
+ };
+} // namespace snu::equiv \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dev/lib/logic/math.hpp b/dev/lib/logic/math.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2613799
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/lib/logic/math.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * File: math.hpp
+ * Purpose: Mathematics c++ header.
+ * Author: Amlal El Mahrouss (founder@snu.systems)
+ * Copyright 2025, Amlal El Mahrouss all rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cmath>
+
+namespace snu::math
+{
+ template <size_t T>
+ struct is_non_boolean_integer final
+ {
+ static constexpr const bool value = true;
+ };
+
+ template <>
+ struct is_non_boolean_integer<false> final
+ {
+ static constexpr const bool value = false;
+ };
+
+ template <>
+ struct is_non_boolean_integer<true> final
+ {
+ static constexpr const bool value = false;
+ };
+
+ constexpr inline auto not_a_number = NAN;
+ constexpr inline auto positive_infinity = INFINITY;
+ constexpr inline auto negative_infinity = -positive_infinity;
+} // namespace snu::math \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dev/lib/logic/opt.hpp b/dev/lib/logic/opt.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..facbf2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/lib/logic/opt.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/*
+ * File: opt.hpp
+ * Author: Amlal El Mahrouss,
+ * Copyright 2023-2025, Amlal El Mahrouss/SNU Systems Corp all rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _SNU_OPT_HPP
+#define _SNU_OPT_HPP
+
+#include <lib/detail/error.hpp>
+#include <utility>
+
+namespace snu::opt
+{
+ enum class return_type
+ {
+ invalid = 0,
+ okay = 100,
+ err,
+ count = err - okay + 1,
+ };
+
+ struct opt final
+ {
+ explicit opt(const return_type& return_type)
+ : m_ret(return_type)
+ {
+ }
+
+ opt& expect(const char* input)
+ {
+ if (m_ret == return_type::err)
+ {
+ throw std::runtime_error(input);
+ }
+
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ private:
+ return_type m_ret;
+ };
+
+ template <typename Teller, typename... Lst>
+ inline return_type eval(Teller tell, Lst&&... arg)
+ {
+ return tell(std::forward<Lst>(arg)...) ? return_type::okay : return_type::err;
+ }
+
+ namespace traits
+ {
+ struct int_eq_teller
+ {
+ explicit int_eq_teller()
+ {
+ }
+
+ bool operator()(int a, int b)
+ {
+ return (a == b);
+ }
+ };
+
+ struct int_greater_than_teller
+ {
+ explicit int_greater_than_teller()
+ {
+ }
+
+ bool operator()(int a, int b)
+ {
+ return (a > b);
+ }
+ };
+
+ struct int_less_than_teller
+ {
+ explicit int_less_than_teller()
+ {
+ }
+
+ bool operator()(int a, int b)
+ {
+ return (a < b);
+ }
+ };
+ } // namespace traits
+
+ template <typename... Lst>
+ inline return_type eval_less_than(Lst&&... arg)
+ {
+ static traits::int_less_than_teller eq;
+ return eq(std::forward<Lst>(arg)...) ? return_type::okay : return_type::err;
+ }
+
+ template <typename... Lst>
+ inline return_type eval_eq(Lst&&... arg)
+ {
+ static traits::int_eq_teller less_than;
+ return less_than(std::forward<Lst>(arg)...) ? return_type::okay : return_type::err;
+ }
+
+ template <typename... Lst>
+ inline return_type eval_greater_than(Lst&&... arg)
+ {
+ static traits::int_greater_than_teller greater_than;
+ return greater_than(std::forward<Lst>(arg)...) ? return_type::okay : return_type::err;
+ }
+
+ inline return_type eval_true()
+ {
+ return return_type::okay;
+ }
+
+ inline return_type eval_false()
+ {
+ return return_type::err;
+ }
+} // namespace snu::opt
+
+#endif /* ifndef _SNU_OPT_HPP */
diff --git a/dev/lib/memory/tracked_ptr.hpp b/dev/lib/memory/tracked_ptr.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..238d521
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/lib/memory/tracked_ptr.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+/*
+ * File: memory/tracked_ptr.hpp
+ * Purpose: Custom smart pointer implementation in C++
+ * Author: Amlal El Mahrouss (founder@snu.systems)
+ * Copyright 2025, Amlal El Mahrouss and SNU Systems Corp all rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <utility>
+#include <memory>
+#include <atomic>
+
+namespace snu::memory
+{
+ template <typename T>
+ class tracked_allocator;
+
+ template <typename T>
+ class tracked_mgr;
+
+ template <typename T, typename Mgr>
+ class tracked_ptr;
+
+ template <typename T>
+ class tracked_allocator
+ {
+ public:
+ std::atomic<size_t> allocated_count_ = 0;
+ std::atomic<size_t> deallocated_count_ = 0;
+
+ public:
+ template <typename... U>
+ void retain(T*& ptr, U&&... args)
+ {
+ ptr = new T(args...);
+
+ if (ptr)
+ {
+ ++allocated_count_;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ throw std::bad_alloc();
+ }
+ }
+
+ void dispose(T* ptr)
+ {
+ if (ptr)
+ {
+ if (allocated_count_)
+ --allocated_count_;
+
+ ++deallocated_count_;
+
+ delete ptr;
+ ptr = nullptr;
+ }
+ }
+ };
+
+ template <typename T>
+ class tracked_mgr
+ {
+ private:
+ tracked_allocator<T> allocator_;
+
+ public:
+ const tracked_allocator<T>& allocator()
+ {
+ return allocator_;
+ }
+
+ template <typename... U>
+ T* retain(U&&... args)
+ {
+ T* ptr = nullptr;
+ allocator_.retain(ptr, std::forward<U>(args)...);
+ return ptr;
+ }
+
+ void dispose(T* ptr)
+ {
+ allocator_.dispose(ptr);
+ }
+ };
+
+ template <typename T, typename Mgr = tracked_mgr<T>>
+ class tracked_ptr
+ {
+ public:
+ static Mgr& manager()
+ {
+ static Mgr mgr;
+ return mgr;
+ }
+
+ public:
+ template <typename... U>
+ explicit tracked_ptr(U&&... args)
+ : ptr_(nullptr)
+ {
+ ptr_ = tracked_ptr::manager().retain(std::forward<U>(args)...);
+ }
+
+ ~tracked_ptr() noexcept
+ {
+ this->reset();
+ }
+
+ tracked_ptr(const tracked_ptr&) = delete;
+ tracked_ptr& operator=(const tracked_ptr&) = delete;
+
+ public:
+ void reset()
+ {
+ if (ptr_)
+ {
+ tracked_ptr::manager().dispose(ptr_);
+ ptr_ = nullptr;
+ }
+ }
+
+ T* get() const
+ {
+ return ptr_;
+ }
+
+ T* data()
+ {
+ return ptr_;
+ }
+
+ T& operator*() const
+ {
+ return *ptr_;
+ }
+
+ T* operator->() const
+ {
+ return ptr_;
+ }
+
+ explicit operator bool() const
+ {
+ return ptr_ != nullptr;
+ }
+
+ void swap(tracked_ptr& other)
+ {
+ std::swap(ptr_, other.ptr_);
+ }
+
+ public:
+ tracked_ptr(tracked_ptr&& other) noexcept
+ : ptr_(other.ptr_)
+ {
+ other.ptr_ = nullptr;
+ }
+
+ tracked_ptr& operator=(tracked_ptr&& other) noexcept
+ {
+ if (this != &other)
+ {
+ this->reset();
+ ptr_ = other.ptr_;
+ other.ptr_ = nullptr;
+ }
+
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ private:
+ T* ptr_ = nullptr;
+ };
+
+ template <typename T>
+ inline auto make_tracked(T arg) -> tracked_ptr<T>
+ {
+ return tracked_ptr<T>(std::forward<T>(arg));
+ }
+
+ template <typename U, typename... T>
+ inline auto make_tracked(T&&... arg) -> tracked_ptr<U>
+ {
+ return tracked_ptr<U>(std::forward<T>(arg)...);
+ }
+
+ template <typename T>
+ inline void swap(tracked_ptr<T>& a, tracked_ptr<T>& b)
+ {
+ a.swap(b);
+ }
+} // namespace snu::memory \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dev/lib/utility/cgi.hpp b/dev/lib/utility/cgi.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..068adf1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/lib/utility/cgi.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * File: cgi.hpp
+ * Author: Amlal El Mahrouss,
+ * Copyright 2023-2025, Amlal El Mahrouss all rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _SNU_CGI_HPP
+#define _SNU_CGI_HPP
+
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <string>
+#include <sstream>
+
+namespace snu
+{
+ namespace cgi
+ {
+ /// @brief CGI Writer class, writes to stdout; as CGI expects.
+ class writer final
+ {
+ writer& eval_(const std::string& mime, const std::stringstream& ss) noexcept
+ {
+ std::printf("Content-Type: %s\r\n", mime.c_str());
+ std::printf("Server: %s\r\n", "snu-cpp-library");
+ std::printf("Content-Length: %ld\r\n\r\n", ss.str().size());
+ std::printf("%s", ss.str().c_str());
+
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ public:
+ explicit writer() = default;
+ ~writer() = default;
+
+ writer& operator=(const writer&) = default;
+ writer(const writer&) = default;
+
+ public:
+ writer& eval_html(const std::stringstream& ss_html)
+ {
+ return this->eval_("text/html", ss_html);
+ }
+
+ writer& eval_xml(const std::stringstream& ss_html)
+ {
+ return this->eval_("application/xml", ss_html);
+ }
+
+ writer& eval_json(const std::stringstream& ss_html)
+ {
+ return this->eval_("application/json", ss_html);
+ }
+
+ writer& eval_js(const std::stringstream& ss_html)
+ {
+ return this->eval_("text/javascript", ss_html);
+ }
+ };
+ } // namespace cgi
+} // namespace snu
+
+#endif // ifndef _SNU_CGI_HPP \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dev/lib/utility/crc32.hpp b/dev/lib/utility/crc32.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de78d4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/lib/utility/crc32.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * File: embfs.hpp
+ * Purpose: Embedded File System.
+ * Author: Amlal El Mahrouss,
+ * Copyright 2025, Amlal El Mahrouss all rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _SNU_CRC32_HPP
+#define _SNU_CRC32_HPP
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstddef>
+
+/// @brief Crc32 implementation in C++
+/// @author Amlal EL Mahrouss (founder@snu.systems)
+
+namespace snu::crc32
+{
+ namespace details
+ {
+ inline constexpr const std::uint16_t g_crc_sz = 256;
+
+ inline std::uint32_t g_crc_table[g_crc_sz] = {
+ 0x00000000, 0x77073096, 0xee0e612c, 0x990951ba, 0x076dc419, 0x706af48f, 0xe963a535, 0x9e6495a3,
+ 0x0edb8832, 0x79dcb8a4, 0xe0d5e91e, 0x97d2d988, 0x09b64c2b, 0x7eb17cbd, 0xe7b82d07, 0x90bf1d91,
+ 0x1db71064, 0x6ab020f2, 0xf3b97148, 0x84be41de, 0x1adad47d, 0x6ddde4eb, 0xf4d4b551, 0x83d385c7,
+ 0x136c9856, 0x646ba8c0, 0xfd62f97a, 0x8a65c9ec, 0x14015c4f, 0x63066cd9, 0xfa0f3d63, 0x8d080df5,
+ 0x3b6e20c8, 0x4c69105e, 0xd56041e4, 0xa2677172, 0x3c03e4d1, 0x4b04d447, 0xd20d85fd, 0xa50ab56b,
+ 0x35b5a8fa, 0x42b2986c, 0xdbbbc9d6, 0xacbcf940, 0x32d86ce3, 0x45df5c75, 0xdcd60dcf, 0xabd13d59,
+ 0x26d930ac, 0x51de003a, 0xc8d75180, 0xbfd06116, 0x21b4f4b5, 0x56b3c423, 0xcfba9599, 0xb8bda50f,
+ 0x2802b89e, 0x5f058808, 0xc60cd9b2, 0xb10be924, 0x2f6f7c87, 0x58684c11, 0xc1611dab, 0xb6662d3d,
+ 0x76dc4190, 0x01db7106, 0x98d220bc, 0xefd5102a, 0x71b18589, 0x06b6b51f, 0x9fbfe4a5, 0xe8b8d433,
+ 0x7807c9a2, 0x0f00f934, 0x9609a88e, 0xe10e9818, 0x7f6a0dbb, 0x086d3d2d, 0x91646c97, 0xe6635c01,
+ 0x6b6b51f4, 0x1c6c6162, 0x856530d8, 0xf262004e, 0x6c0695ed, 0x1b01a57b, 0x8208f4c1, 0xf50fc457,
+ 0x65b0d9c6, 0x12b7e950, 0x8bbeb8ea, 0xfcb9887c, 0x62dd1ddf, 0x15da2d49, 0x8cd37cf3, 0xfbd44c65,
+ 0x4db26158, 0x3ab551ce, 0xa3bc0074, 0xd4bb30e2, 0x4adfa541, 0x3dd895d7, 0xa4d1c46d, 0xd3d6f4fb,
+ 0x4369e96a, 0x346ed9fc, 0xad678846, 0xda60b8d0, 0x44042d73, 0x33031de5, 0xaa0a4c5f, 0xdd0d7cc9,
+ 0x5005713c, 0x270241aa, 0xbe0b1010, 0xc90c2086, 0x5768b525, 0x206f85b3, 0xb966d409, 0xce61e49f,
+ 0x5edef90e, 0x29d9c998, 0xb0d09822, 0xc7d7a8b4, 0x59b33d17, 0x2eb40d81, 0xb7bd5c3b, 0xc0ba6cad,
+ 0xedb88320, 0x9abfb3b6, 0x03b6e20c, 0x74b1d29a, 0xead54739, 0x9dd277af, 0x04db2615, 0x73dc1683,
+ 0xe3630b12, 0x94643b84, 0x0d6d6a3e, 0x7a6a5aa8, 0xe40ecf0b, 0x9309ff9d, 0x0a00ae27, 0x7d079eb1,
+ 0xf00f9344, 0x8708a3d2, 0x1e01f268, 0x6906c2fe, 0xf762575d, 0x806567cb, 0x196c3671, 0x6e6b06e7,
+ 0xfed41b76, 0x89d32be0, 0x10da7a5a, 0x67dd4acc, 0xf9b9df6f, 0x8ebeeff9, 0x17b7be43, 0x60b08ed5,
+ 0xd6d6a3e8, 0xa1d1937e, 0x38d8c2c4, 0x4fdff252, 0xd1bb67f1, 0xa6bc5767, 0x3fb506dd, 0x48b2364b,
+ 0xd80d2bda, 0xaf0a1b4c, 0x36034af6, 0x41047a60, 0xdf60efc3, 0xa867df55, 0x316e8eef, 0x4669be79,
+ 0xcb61b38c, 0xbc66831a, 0x256fd2a0, 0x5268e236, 0xcc0c7795, 0xbb0b4703, 0x220216b9, 0x5505262f,
+ 0xc5ba3bbe, 0xb2bd0b28, 0x2bb45a92, 0x5cb36a04, 0xc2d7ffa7, 0xb5d0cf31, 0x2cd99e8b, 0x5bdeae1d,
+ 0x9b64c2b0, 0xec63f226, 0x756aa39c, 0x026d930a, 0x9c0906a9, 0xeb0e363f, 0x72076785, 0x05005713,
+ 0x95bf4a82, 0xe2b87a14, 0x7bb12bae, 0x0cb61b38, 0x92d28e9b, 0xe5d5be0d, 0x7cdcefb7, 0x0bdbdf21,
+ 0x86d3d2d4, 0xf1d4e242, 0x68ddb3f8, 0x1fda836e, 0x81be16cd, 0xf6b9265b, 0x6fb077e1, 0x18b74777,
+ 0x88085ae6, 0xff0f6a70, 0x66063bca, 0x11010b5c, 0x8f659eff, 0xf862ae69, 0x616bffd3, 0x166ccf45,
+ 0xa00ae278, 0xd70dd2ee, 0x4e048354, 0x3903b3c2, 0xa7672661, 0xd06016f7, 0x4969474d, 0x3e6e77db,
+ 0xaed16a4a, 0xd9d65adc, 0x40df0b66, 0x37d83bf0, 0xa9bcae53, 0xdebb9ec5, 0x47b2cf7f, 0x30b5ffe9,
+ 0xbdbdf21c, 0xcabac28a, 0x53b39330, 0x24b4a3a6, 0xbad03605, 0xcdd70693, 0x54de5729, 0x23d967bf,
+ 0xb3667a2e, 0xc4614ab8, 0x5d681b02, 0x2a6f2b94, 0xb40bbe37, 0xc30c8ea1, 0x5a05df1b, 0x2d02ef8d};
+ ///
+
+ inline std::uint32_t
+ calculate_crc32_(const char* in, size_t len) noexcept
+ {
+ if (!in || *in == 0)
+ return ~0;
+
+ std::uint32_t crc = 0xffffffff;
+
+ while ((len--) > 0)
+ crc = (crc >> 8) ^ g_crc_table[(crc ^ *(in++)) & 0xFF];
+
+ return ~crc;
+ }
+ } // namespace details
+} // namespace snu::crc32
+
+#endif // !_SNU_CRC32_HPP \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dev/lib/utility/embfs.hpp b/dev/lib/utility/embfs.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb08eb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/lib/utility/embfs.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * File: embfs.hpp
+ * Purpose: Embedded File System.
+ * Author: Amlal El Mahrouss (founder@snu.systems)
+ * Copyright 2025, Amlal El Mahrouss all rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _SNU_EMBFS_HPP
+#define _SNU_EMBFS_HPP
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstddef>
+
+/// @brief A filesystem designed for tiny storage medias.
+/// @author Amlal EL Mahrouss (founder@snu.systems)
+
+namespace snu::embfs
+{
+ namespace traits
+ {
+ struct embfs_superblock;
+ struct embfs_inode;
+
+ inline constexpr const size_t _superblock_name_len = 16;
+ inline constexpr const size_t _superblock_reserve_len = 462;
+ inline constexpr const size_t _inode_name_len = 128;
+ inline constexpr const size_t _inode_arr_len = 12;
+ inline constexpr const size_t _inode_lookup_len = 8;
+
+#ifdef EMBFS_28BIT_LBA
+ typedef std::uint32_t lba_t;
+#elif defined(EMBFS_48BIT_LBA)
+ typedef std::uint64_t lba_t;
+#else
+ typedef std::uint32_t lba_t;
+#endif
+
+ typedef std::int16_t sword_t;
+ typedef std::int32_t sdword_t;
+
+ typedef std::uint8_t utf8_char_t;
+
+ /// @brief Superblock data structure
+ struct embfs_superblock
+ {
+ sword_t s_block_mag;
+ sdword_t s_num_inodes;
+ sdword_t s_part_size;
+ sdword_t s_part_used;
+ sdword_t s_version;
+ sword_t s_sector_sz;
+ lba_t s_inode_start;
+ lba_t s_inode_end;
+ utf8_char_t s_name[_superblock_name_len];
+ utf8_char_t s_reserved[_superblock_reserve_len];
+ };
+
+ /// @brief Indexed node structure.
+ /// @brief i_name file name
+ /// @brief i_size_virt, i_size_phys: virtual and physical (sector count) size.
+ /// @brief i_offset direct block pointer.
+ /// @brief i_checksum crc32 checksum.
+ /// @brief i_flags_perms flags and permissions
+ /// @brief i_acl_* ACL to keep track of inode allocation status.
+ struct embfs_inode
+ {
+ utf8_char_t i_name[_inode_name_len];
+ sword_t i_size_virt, i_size_phys;
+ lba_t i_offset[_inode_lookup_len];
+ sword_t i_checksum, i_flags_perms;
+ lba_t i_acl_creat, i_acl_edit, i_acl_delet;
+ };
+
+ /// @brief Indexed node linear array.
+ typedef embfs_inode embfs_inode_arr_t[_inode_arr_len];
+ } // namespace traits
+} // namespace snu::embfs
+
+#endif // ifndef _SNU_EMBFS_HPP \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dev/tests/.gitkeep b/dev/tests/.gitkeep
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/tests/.gitkeep
diff --git a/dev/tests/fix_basic/CMakeLists.txt b/dev/tests/fix_basic/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a2542d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/tests/fix_basic/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
+project(TrackedPtrTests)
+
+include(FetchContent)
+FetchContent_Declare(
+ googletest
+ URL https://github.com/google/googletest/archive/refs/tags/v1.14.0.zip
+)
+
+# For Windows: Prevent overriding the parent project's compiler/linker settings
+set(gtest_force_shared_crt ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+FetchContent_MakeAvailable(googletest)
+
+enable_testing()
+
+add_executable(FIXTestBasic fix_test.cc)
+target_link_libraries(FIXTestBasic gtest_main)
+
+set_property(TARGET FIXTestBasic PROPERTY CXX_STANDARD 20)
+target_include_directories(FIXTestBasic PUBLIC ../../)
+
+include(GoogleTest)
+gtest_discover_tests(FIXTestBasic)
diff --git a/dev/tests/fix_basic/fix_test.cc b/dev/tests/fix_basic/fix_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c9ae0b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/tests/fix_basic/fix_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*
+ * File: tests/tracked_ptr_test.cc
+ * Purpose: Custom smart pointer unit tests in C++
+ * Author: Amlal El Mahrouss (founder@snu.systems)
+ * Copyright 2025, Amlal El Mahrouss and SNU Systems Corp all rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#include <lib/fix/parser.hpp>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+TEST(FIXTest, BasicFIXUsage)
+{
+ snu::fix::visitor<char> visitor;
+ snu::fix::range_data<char> fix = visitor.visit("8=FIX.4.2|9=65|35=A|49=SERVER|56=CLIENT|34=177|52=20090107-18:15:16|98=0|108=30|10=062|");
+
+ EXPECT_EQ(fix.msg_magic_, "FIX.4.2");
+ EXPECT_TRUE(fix.is_valid());
+} \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dev/tests/tracked_ptr_basic/CMakeLists.txt b/dev/tests/tracked_ptr_basic/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97f7204
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/tests/tracked_ptr_basic/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
+project(TrackedPtrTests)
+
+include(FetchContent)
+FetchContent_Declare(
+ googletest
+ URL https://github.com/google/googletest/archive/refs/tags/v1.14.0.zip
+)
+
+# For Windows: Prevent overriding the parent project's compiler/linker settings
+set(gtest_force_shared_crt ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+FetchContent_MakeAvailable(googletest)
+
+enable_testing()
+
+add_executable(TrackedPtrTestBasic tracked_ptr_test.cc)
+target_link_libraries(TrackedPtrTestBasic gtest_main)
+
+set_property(TARGET TrackedPtrTestBasic PROPERTY CXX_STANDARD 20)
+target_include_directories(TrackedPtrTestBasic PUBLIC ../../)
+
+include(GoogleTest)
+gtest_discover_tests(TrackedPtrTestBasic)
diff --git a/dev/tests/tracked_ptr_basic/tracked_ptr_test.cc b/dev/tests/tracked_ptr_basic/tracked_ptr_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..462ec5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/tests/tracked_ptr_basic/tracked_ptr_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+ * File: tests/tracked_ptr_test.cc
+ * Purpose: Custom smart pointer unit tests in C++
+ * Author: Amlal El Mahrouss (founder@snu.systems)
+ * Copyright 2025, Amlal El Mahrouss and SNU Systems Corp all rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#include <lib/memory/tracked_ptr.hpp>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+TEST(TrackedPtrTest, BasicTrackedPtrUsage)
+{
+ snu::memory::tracked_ptr<int> ptr = snu::memory::make_tracked<int>(42);
+
+ ASSERT_TRUE(ptr);
+ EXPECT_EQ(*ptr, 42);
+
+ snu::memory::tracked_ptr<int> ptr2;
+
+ snu::memory::swap(ptr, ptr2);
+
+ ptr2.reset();
+
+ EXPECT_EQ(snu::memory::tracked_ptr<int>::manager().allocator().allocated_count_, 1);
+} \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dev/tests/tracked_ptr_leak/CMakeLists.txt b/dev/tests/tracked_ptr_leak/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17df8f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/tests/tracked_ptr_leak/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
+project(TrackedPtrTests)
+
+include(FetchContent)
+FetchContent_Declare(
+ googletest
+ URL https://github.com/google/googletest/archive/refs/tags/v1.14.0.zip
+)
+
+# For Windows: Prevent overriding the parent project's compiler/linker settings
+set(gtest_force_shared_crt ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+FetchContent_MakeAvailable(googletest)
+
+enable_testing()
+
+add_executable(TrackedPtrTestLeak tracked_ptr_test.cc)
+target_link_libraries(TrackedPtrTestLeak gtest_main)
+
+set_property(TARGET TrackedPtrTestLeak PROPERTY CXX_STANDARD 20)
+target_include_directories(TrackedPtrTestLeak PUBLIC ../../)
+
+include(GoogleTest)
+gtest_discover_tests(TrackedPtrTestLeak)
diff --git a/dev/tests/tracked_ptr_leak/tracked_ptr_test.cc b/dev/tests/tracked_ptr_leak/tracked_ptr_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f583938
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dev/tests/tracked_ptr_leak/tracked_ptr_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+ * File: tests/tracked_ptr_test.cc
+ * Purpose: Custom smart pointer unit tests in C++
+ * Author: Amlal El Mahrouss (founder@snu.systems)
+ * Copyright 2025, Amlal El Mahrouss and SNU Systems Corp all rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#include <lib/memory/tracked_ptr.hpp>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+TEST(TrackedPtrTest, LeakTrackedPtrUsage)
+{
+ snu::memory::tracked_ptr<int>* ptr = new snu::memory::tracked_ptr<int>(42);
+ snu::memory::tracked_ptr<int>* ptr2 = new snu::memory::tracked_ptr<int>(42);
+ snu::memory::tracked_ptr<int>* ptr3 = new snu::memory::tracked_ptr<int>(42);
+
+ EXPECT_EQ(snu::memory::tracked_ptr<int>::manager().allocator().allocated_count_, 3);
+ ASSERT_TRUE(snu::memory::tracked_ptr<int>::manager().allocator().deallocated_count_ == 0);
+} \ No newline at end of file