[FEAT] Refactor CoreRuntimeKit to CoreRuntime and its design.

Signed-off-by: Amlal El Mahrouss <amlal@nekernel.org>

8 files changed, 400 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/abi/abi.hpp b/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/abi/abi.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe60401
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/abi/abi.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// Copyright 2024-2026, Amlal El Mahrouss (amlal@nekernel.org)
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (see LICENSE file)
+// Official repository: https://github.com/ne-foss-org/nectar
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <CoreRuntime/cplusplus/core/base_process.hpp>
+#include <CoreRuntime/cplusplus/defines.hpp>
+
+__init_decl()
+
+static constexpr int32_t __unreachable_code = 34;
+
+inline void __compilerkit_unreachable(void) {
+  std::base_process::signal(__unreachable_code);
+  while (true);
+}
+
+__fini_decl()
diff --git a/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/abi/new.hpp b/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/abi/new.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6592567
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/abi/new.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// Copyright 2025-2026, Amlal El Mahrouss (amlal@nekernel.org)
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (see LICENSE file)
+// Official repository: https://github.com/ne-foss-org/nectar
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <CoreRuntime/cplusplus/defines.hpp>
+
+namespace std {
+
+struct nothrow_t final {
+  explicit nothrow_t() = default;
+  ~nothrow_t()         = default;
+};
+
+struct placement_t final {
+  explicit placement_t() = default;
+  ~placement_t()         = default;
+
+  void*   __base{};
+  int32_t __align{};
+  size_t  __size{};
+};
+
+}  // namespace std
+
+// AMLALE: Define the placement_t feature.
+#ifndef __cpp_has_placement
+#define __cpp_has_placement 1
+#endif
+
+// AMLALE: Define nothrow
+#ifndef __cpp_has_nothrow
+#define __cpp_has_nothrow 1
+#endif
+
+void* operator new(size_t);
+void* operator new[](size_t);
+
+/// \brief placement_t new and delete operators. Governs how the memory shall be placed.
+/// \note This is a feature that shall be used wisely, failure to do so will produce Undefined Behaviors at runtime.
+void* operator _placement_new(size_t);
+void operator _placement_delete(void*);
+
+/// \note This should NOT fail, failure to meet the conditions will cause the program's state to be aborted.
+/// \brief Set the placement policy of future memory allocations.
+template <class PlaceableType>
+void set_placement_policy(const PlaceableType&) noexcept;
+
+void* operator new(size_t, const nothrow_t&) noexcept;
+void* operator new(size_t, void*) noexcept;
+void* operator new[](size_t, const nothrow_t&) noexcept;
+void* operator new[](size_t, void*) noexcept;
+
+void operator delete(void*) noexcept;
+void operator delete(void*, size_t) noexcept;
+
+void operator delete[](void*) noexcept;
diff --git a/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/core/base_alloc.hpp b/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/core/base_alloc.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b79706
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/core/base_alloc.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// Copyright 2024-2026, Amlal El Mahrouss (amlal@nekernel.org)
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (see LICENSE file)
+// Official repository: https://github.com/ne-foss-org/nectar
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <CoreRuntime/cplusplus/defines.hpp>
+
+namespace std::base_alloc {
+
+/// @brief allocate a new class.
+/// @tparam KindClass the class type to allocate.
+template <class KindClass, typename... Args>
+inline KindClass* allocate(Args&&... args) {
+  return new KindClass(forward(args)...);
+}
+
+/// @brief allocate a new class.
+/// @note aborts on error.
+/// @tparam KindClass the class type to allocate.
+template <class KindClass, typename... Args>
+inline KindClass* allocate_nothrow(Args&&... args) noexcept {
+  return allocate(forward(args)...);
+}
+
+/// @brief free a class.
+/// @tparam KindClass the class type to allocate.
+template <class KindClass>
+inline void release(KindClass ptr) {
+  if (!ptr) return;
+
+  delete ptr;
+}
+
+/// @brief destroy and free a class.
+/// @note aborts on error.
+/// @tparam KindClass the class type to allocate.
+template <class KindClass>
+inline void release_nothrow(KindClass ptr) noexcept {
+  release(ptr);
+}
+  
+}  // namespace std::base_alloc
diff --git a/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/core/base_exception.hpp b/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/core/base_exception.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7316dfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/core/base_exception.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// Copyright 2024-2026, Amlal El Mahrouss (amlal@nekernel.org)
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (see LICENSE file)
+// Official repository: https://github.com/ne-foss-org/nectar
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <CoreRuntime/cplusplus/abi/abi.hpp>
+#include <CoreRuntime/cplusplus/core/base_process.hpp>
+#include <CoreRuntime/cplusplus/defines.hpp>
+#include <iostream>
+
+/// @author Amlal El Mahrouss (amlal@nekernel.org)
+
+namespace std::base_exception::abi {
+inline constexpr int __terminate_id = 33;
+
+/// @note This function is internal, don't call it.
+extern void __unwind_object_list();
+
+inline void __throw_general(const char* what) {
+  std::cout << "LibC++: Unwinding exception of kind: " << what << ", aborting here..." << std::endl;
+  __unwind_object_list();
+  base_process::exit(__terminate_id);
+}
+
+inline void __throw_domain_error(const char* what) {
+  __throw_general(what);
+  __builtin_unreachable();  // prevent from continuing.
+}
+
+inline void __throw_bad_array_new_length(const char* what) {
+  __throw_general(what);
+  __builtin_unreachable();  // prevent from continuing.
+}
+}  // namespace std::base_exception::abi
diff --git a/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/core/base_math.hpp b/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/core/base_math.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..103a1eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/core/base_math.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// Copyright 2024-2026, Amlal El Mahrouss (amlal@nekernel.org)
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (see LICENSE file)
+// Official repository: https://github.com/ne-foss-org/nectar
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <CoreRuntime/cplusplus/defines.hpp>
+
+#ifndef NAN
+#define NAN (__builtin_nanf(""))
+#endif  // !NAN
+
+/// @file Math
+/// @brief Math functions.
+
+#ifdef __LIBCXX_USE_DOUBLE__
+typedef double real_type;
+#else
+typedef float real_type;
+#endif
+
+namespace std::base_math {
+inline constexpr static auto not_a_number = NAN;
+
+/// =========================================================== ///
+/// @brief Power function, with Repeat argument.
+/// =========================================================== ///
+template <size_t Exponent>
+inline real_type pow(real_type in) {
+  if (Exponent == 0) return 1;  // Any number to the power of 0 is 1.
+
+  if (Exponent == 1) return in;  // Any number to the power of 1 is itself.
+
+  size_t cnt = Exponent;
+
+  real_type result = 1;
+
+  for (auto i = 0; i < cnt; ++i) result *= in;
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+/// =========================================================== ///
+/// @brief Square root function.
+/// =========================================================== ///
+inline real_type sqrt(real_type in) {
+  if (in == 0) return 0;
+  if (in == not_a_number) return not_a_number;
+
+  auto constexpr static kRootBase = 2;
+  auto constexpr static kNumberBase = 10;
+
+  auto x = in / kRootBase;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < kNumberBase; ++i) {
+    x = (x + in / x) / kRootBase;
+  }
+
+  return x;
+}
+
+/// =========================================================== ///
+/// @brief Square of function, with Base template argument.
+/// @param of Base argument to find the square of.
+/// =========================================================== ///
+template <size_t Base>
+inline real_type surd(real_type in) {
+  if (in == 0) return 0;
+  if (in == 1) return 1;
+
+  if (Base == 1) return in;
+  if (Base == 2) return sqrt(in);
+
+  return not_a_number;
+}
+
+/// =========================================================== ///
+/// @brief Linear interpolation equation solver.
+/// @param from where?
+/// @param to to?
+/// @param Updated diff value according to difference.
+/// =========================================================== ///
+inline real_type lerp(real_type to, real_type from, real_type stat) {
+  real_type diff = (to - from);
+  return from + (diff * stat);
+}
+}  // namespace std::base_math
diff --git a/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/core/base_process.hpp b/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/core/base_process.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7673577
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/core/base_process.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// Copyright 2024-2026, Amlal El Mahrouss (amlal@nekernel.org)
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (see LICENSE file)
+// Official repository: https://github.com/ne-foss-org/nectar
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <CoreRuntime/cplusplus/defines.hpp>
+
+__init_decl()
+
+/// @brief CRT exit, with exit code (!!! exits all threads. !!!)
+/// @param code the exit code.
+/// @return the return > 0 for non successful.
+extern int exit_(int code);
+
+/// @brief CRT signal handler.
+/// @param code the signal code.
+extern void signal_(int code);
+
+extern void (*__atexit_cdecl_ptr)(void);
+extern void (**__atexit_lst_ptr)(void);
+extern size_t __atexit_lst_cnt;
+
+__fini_decl()
+
+    /// @brief Standard C++ namespace
+    namespace std::base_process {
+  inline int signal(int code) {
+    signal_(code);
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  inline int32_t exit(const int32_t& code) {
+    for (auto idx = 0UL; idx < __atexit_lst_cnt; ++idx) {
+      __atexit_lst_ptr[idx]();
+    }
+
+    if (__atexit_cdecl_ptr) __atexit_cdecl_ptr();
+
+    exit_(code);
+    return -1;
+  }
+}  // namespace std::base_process
diff --git a/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/defines.hpp b/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/defines.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3cd1ee1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/defines.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// Copyright 2024-2026, Amlal El Mahrouss (amlal@nekernel.org)
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (see LICENSE file)
+// Official repository: https://github.com/ne-foss-org/nectar
+
+#ifndef __NECTAR_DEFINES_H__
+#define __NECTAR_DEFINES_H__
+
+#define __ATTRIBUTE(X) __attribute__((X))
+
+typedef __SIZE_TYPE__  size_t;
+typedef __INT64_TYPE__ ssize_t;
+typedef __INT32_TYPE__ int32_t;
+
+typedef void*         ptr_type;
+typedef __SIZE_TYPE__ size_type;
+
+typedef __INT64_TYPE__ ptrdiff_t;
+typedef size_t         uintptr_t;
+typedef void*          voidptr_t;
+typedef void*          any_t;
+typedef char*          caddr_t;
+
+#ifndef NULL
+#define NULL ((voidptr_t) 0)
+#endif  // !null
+
+#define __alloca(sz) __ck_alloca(sz)
+
+#define __deref(ptr) (*(ptr))
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+#define __init_decl() extern "C" {
+#define __fini_decl() \
+  }                   \
+  ;
+#else
+#define __init_decl()
+#define __fini_decl()
+#endif
+
+#if __has_builtin(__builtin_alloca)
+#define alloca(sz) __builtin_alloca(sz)
+#ifdef __alloca
+#undef __alloca
+#endif
+#define __alloca alloca
+#else
+#warning !! alloca not detected !!
+#endif
+
+typedef long long          off_t;
+typedef unsigned long long uoff_t;
+
+typedef union float_cast {
+  struct {
+    unsigned int mantissa : 23;
+    unsigned int exponent : 8;
+    unsigned int sign : 1;
+  };
+
+  float f;
+} __ATTRIBUTE(packed) float_cast_t;
+
+typedef union double_cast {
+  struct {
+    unsigned long long int mantissa : 52;
+    unsigned int           exponent : 11;
+    unsigned int           sign : 1;
+  };
+
+  double f;
+} __ATTRIBUTE(packed) double_cast_t;
+
+namespace std {
+struct placement_t;
+struct nothrow_t;
+}  // namespace std
+
+#endif /* __NECTAR_DEFINES_H__ */
diff --git a/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/utility.hpp b/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/utility.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a427c44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/CoreRuntime/cplusplus/utility.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// Copyright 2024-2026, Amlal El Mahrouss (amlal@nekernel.org)
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (see LICENSE file)
+// Official repository: https://github.com/ne-foss-org/nectar
+
+#ifndef LIBCXX_UTILITY_H
+#define LIBCXX_UTILITY_H
+
+namespace std {
+/// @brief Forward object.
+/// @tparam Args the object type.
+/// @param arg the object.
+/// @return object's rvalue
+template <typename Args>
+inline auto forward(Args& arg) -> Args&& {
+  return static_cast<const Args&&>(arg);
+}
+
+/// @brief Move object.
+/// @tparam Args the object type.
+/// @param arg the object.
+/// @return object's rvalue
+template <typename Args>
+inline auto move(Args&& arg) -> Args&& {
+  return static_cast<Args&&>(arg);
+}
+}  // namespace std
+
+#endif  // LIBCXX_UTILITY_H